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采用阴离子为BF_4~-,阳离子为1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑类的离子液体(Ionic Liquids,ILs)辅助丙酮/正庚烷复合溶剂和甲苯2种溶剂萃取加拿大油砂中的沥青,考察了ILs辅助2种溶剂萃取油砂沥青过程中,ILs阳离子咪唑环一取代位上的碳链长度对沥青萃取率和固体夹带的影响。实验结果表明,随着ILs阳离子咪唑环一取代位上碳链的增长,沥青的萃取率总体逐渐降低。碳链从甲基变化到正己基,在丙酮/正庚烷复合溶剂体系中,沥青萃取率由9.29%降到8.55%;在甲苯体系中,沥青萃取率由10.05%降低到9.45%。但在2种体系中,加入碳链为正丁基的IL的沥青萃取率高于碳链为正丙基的IL。采用红外光谱对不同萃取体系中所萃出的沥青相进行分析发现,纯甲苯萃出的沥青相中检测到砂砾物质,而6种ILs辅助甲苯所萃取出的沥青中的砂砾含量则在红外检出限以下。丙酮/正庚烷复合溶剂及在6种ILs辅助下萃出的沥青相中均未检测到细小砂砾物质。实验结果为如何筛选适当ILs应用于非常规石油分离提供了科学基础。
The bitumen in oil sands in Canada was extracted with acetone / n-heptane complex solvent with Ionic Liquids (ILs) with 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cation and 2 kinds of solvents with toluene as the anion. The effects of carbon chain length at the monosubstituted position of the ILs cationic imidazole ring on the extraction rate of bitumen and the entrainment of solids were investigated in ILs assisted with solvent extraction of two oil sands bitumen. The experimental results show that with the increase of the carbon chain on the monosubstituted position of ILs cationic imidazole ring, the overall extraction rate of asphalt gradually decreases. In the acetone / n-heptane complex solvent system, the bitumen extraction rate decreased from 9.29% to 8.55%, while in the toluene system, the bitumen extraction rate decreased from 10.05% to 9.45%. But in the two systems, the extraction rate of bitumen with n-butyl carbon chain is higher than that of IL with n-propyl carbon chain. Infrared spectroscopy analysis of the extracted bitumen phases in different extraction systems found that grit was detected in the pure toluene-extracted bitumen phase, whereas the gravel content in the bitumen extracted with the six ILs-aided toluene was in the infrared Below the limit. Acetone / n-heptane composite solvent and six kinds of ILs assisted extraction of asphalt phase are not detected in the small gravel material. The experimental results provide a scientific basis for screening appropriate ILs for unconventional oil separation.