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为了更好地控制激光熔覆再制造装备零件的结构形状精度,需要对熔覆层几何特征进行表征,尤其是熔覆层横截面的几何尺寸和熔覆层整体的三维特征。采用Nd:YAG固体激光器在18Cr2Ni4WA钢基体上进行单道熔覆实验。用光学显微镜(OM)获得熔覆层横截面图像,用AutoCAD软件对熔覆层横截面图像进行图形模拟。提出了新的单道熔覆层几何模型,该模型为两端半球面体与中间柱面体组合的三维结构。用电子秤对基体熔覆前后的重量进行了测量,并与模型结构的理论重量值进行比较,以检验模型精度。结果表明,熔覆线截面上部轮廓线可以用一段圆弧模拟,单道熔覆中部结构为部分柱面体;建立的三维模型模拟重量计算值与实测值误差很小,该模型能很好地表征单道熔覆层的几何特征。
In order to better control the structural shape accuracy of laser cladding remanufacturing equipment parts, the geometry of the cladding layer needs to be characterized, especially the geometry of the cross section of the cladding layer and the three-dimensional features of the cladding as a whole. Nd: YAG solid-state laser was used to conduct single pass cladding experiment on 18Cr2Ni4WA steel substrate. The cross-sectional images of the cladding layer were obtained with an optical microscope (OM), and the cross-sectional images of the cladding layer were simulated with AutoCAD software. A new geometric model of single cladding layer is proposed, which is a three-dimensional structure composed of two hemispheres and intermediate cylinders. The weight of the substrate before and after cladding was measured with an electronic scale and compared with the theoretical weight of the model structure to test the accuracy of the model. The results show that the contour of the upper part of the cladding line can be simulated by a circular arc and the middle part of the single cladding layer can be partially cylindrical. The error between the simulated weight and the measured value of the established three-dimensional model is very small. The model can be well characterized Geometric features of single pass cladding.