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本文根据历史事实和经典原著,分析论证了马克思晚年提到的俄国不通过资本主义制度的“卡夫丁峡谷”而直接进入社会主义社会的设想的前提,是西欧无产阶级革命的胜利,马克思、恩格斯严格遵照历史唯物主义原理,断定社会主义革命将首先在西欧资本主义国家爆发;同时,分析论证了俄国十月革命是在帝国主义第一次世界大战特殊环境下爆发的社会主义革命,十月革命的理论基础是列宁主义,与马克思的“卡夫丁峡谷”设想没有因果关系。十月革命并未证实马克思的“卡夫丁峡谷”设想。
Based on historical facts and classic texts, this paper analyzes and testifies to the premise that Marx’s concept of going directly to the socialist society without going through the “Cafudin Canyon” of the capitalist system mentioned in his later years is the victory of the proletarian revolution in Western Europe. Marx and Engels follow the principle of historical materialism strictly and conclude that the socialist revolution will first break out in the capitalist countries in Western Europe. At the same time, the analysis and demonstration of the Russian October Revolution is a socialist revolution that broke out under the special circumstances of the First World War of imperialism, The theoretical basis of the October Revolution was Leninism, and it was not causally related to Marx’s vision of the “Cafudin Canyon.” The October Revolution did not corroborate Marx’s “Cafudin Gorge” vision.