改进唱法 精进唱功——谈川剧演唱技艺的继承与发展

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建国30多年来,围绕着一个川剧演员发声方法“科学”与“不科学”的问题争论多年未获结果。兼之在川剧里工作的“新音乐”工作者,又缺少专业的声乐人员,所以有关改进唱法,提高演唱技艺的研究工作以及练嗓、练唱的常功基训制度,都没有很好地开展起来,从而影响了川剧音乐艺术的全面发展。所喜的是,有一些视野较宽,事业心很强的川剧演员,他们除了向本剧种在唱方面享有盛名的老师学习吐字行腔外,还克服种种困难,向音乐院校的声乐老师学习发声及声音表现的知识和技巧。经过不懈的努力,他们的声音无论是音色、音质、音量,还是吐字、行腔、韵味的表现和耐力,都有了显著的改善与提高,深受广大观众欢迎和赞赏。但是,这种重视嗓音基训,重视演唱技艺并刻意求工的现象,在川剧界既不普遍,更未蔚然戏风。有相当一部分演员,至今仍不重视唱功。虽然,有些演员深惑自己发声不好,声音单薄纤细,很想通过练唱来改进,但由于缺乏这方面的知识和方法,又因没人指导帮助,练不几天也就兴趣 For more than 30 years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the controversy over the issue of “sound science” and “unscientific” of a Sichuan opera performer has not won the result for many years. Both “new music” workers who work in Sichuan Opera also lack professional vocal staff. Therefore, the research work on improving singing style and improving singing skills, as well as the common practice and training system for practicing singing and singing are not well developed Up, thus affecting the overall development of Sichuan Opera musical art. The good news is that there are some Cantonese opera actors who have a wide field of vision and a high sense of professionalism. Apart from learning to express their opinions through praising the famous teachers in this opera, they also overcome various difficulties and learn to speak to vocal teachers in music schools And sound performance knowledge and skills. Through unremitting efforts, their voices are significantly improved and enhanced both in tone, sound quality, volume, and pronunciation, performance and endurance, and are greatly welcomed and appreciated by the audience. However, this emphasis on voice-based training, emphasis on singing skills and deliberately seeking work phenomenon in the Sichuan opera industry is neither universal nor even unconventional. A considerable number of actors, still do not attach importance to singing skills. Although some perplexed that their voices are not good, the voice thin and thin, would like to improve through practice singing, but due to the lack of knowledge and methods, but also because no one to guide help, practice a few days also interested
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