目的　动物体内研究葡糖基转移酶多肽疫苗HDS免疫原性和防龋效果。方法　构建大鼠人工龋模型 ,分别用人工抗原HDS_KLH ,多肽抗原HDS ,葡糖基转移酶 (GTF)免疫大鼠 ,酶联免疫吸附法检测大鼠血清和唾液中抗HDS、GTF抗体 ;体视显微镜下观察各组大鼠磨牙龋坏情况 ,并用Keyes计分法计分。结果　HDS_KLH免疫组大鼠唾液、血清中抗HDSIgG和IgA水平均高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;HDS_KLH ,HDS ,GTF免疫组大鼠龋Keyes计分均低于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,光滑面防龋效果最为显著。结论　人工抗原HDS_KLH能刺激机体产生针对GTF的保护性免疫 ,并减少实验大鼠龋齿发生。 Objective To study the HDS immunogenicity and anticaries effect of glucosyltransferase polypeptide vaccine in vivo. Methods The rat model of artificial caries was established. The rats were immunized with artificial antigen HDS_KLH, polypeptide antigen HDS and GTF respectively. The anti-HDS and GTF antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum and saliva of rats. Under the microscope, the deciduous tooth decay in each group was observed and scored by Keyes score. Results The levels of anti-HDSIgG and IgA in saliva and serum of HDS-KLH-immunized rats were significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0.05). Keyes scores of caries in HDS-KLH, HDS and GTF groups were lower than those in the control group 0 1), smooth surface anti-caries effect is the most significant. Conclusion The artificial antigen HDS_KLH can stimulate the body to produce protective immunity against GTF and reduce the occurrence of dental caries in experimental rats.