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已知利尿剂,特别是髓袢利尿剂,可以引起镁离子丢失。尽管并不都伴有血清镁降低,但可致细胞内镁减少。低镁血症的常见症状包括:情绪抑郁,和心衰严重程度不成比例的嗜睡,伴腱反射减弱的肌无力,顽固性低钾血症和地高辛难以纠正的心房纤颤。一度认为利尿剂引起镁丢失的临床表现除室性心律不齐外,多不危急。但晚期也有低镁血症患者猝死的报道。食用软水地区的患者猝死发生率较高。同低钾血症一样低镁血症也是急性心肌梗塞发生严重室性心律不齐的重要危险因素。
It is known that diuretics, in particular diarrhea, can cause magnesium ions to be lost. Although not all accompanied by decreased serum magnesium, but can cause reduced intracellular magnesium. Common symptoms of hypomagnesemia include depression, disproportionable drowsiness associated with the severity of heart failure, weakness with reduced tendon reflexes, refractory hypokalemia, and atrial fibrillation refractory to digoxin. Once considered the clinical manifestations of magnesium loss caused by diuretics in addition to ventricular arrhythmia, but not critical. However, there are late reports of sudden death in patients with hypomagnesemia. The incidence of sudden death in patients with eating soft water is higher. Hypomagnesemia as hypokalemia is also an important risk factor for severe ventricular arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction.