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我国是地震灾害最为严重的国家之一,地震对我国经济社会造成了巨大的损失。我国现行的地震损害补偿模式为政府财政支持为主,社会援助为辅,以政府为主导的补偿模式虽然起到一定的作用,但是这种模式既给政府增加了重负,又使灾后重建规模受到限制。所以,健全地震风险分散机制无论对于国家经济发展还是人民永续性生活保障都具有重要意义。在巨灾风险分散补偿方面,我国与发达国家相比明显落后,本文通过对国外成熟的地震风险分散经验进行借鉴,结合我国实际国情,指出我国应当建立一个以政府引导,多方参与的地震风险分散机制。
China is one of the countries with the most serious earthquake and the earthquake has caused enormous losses to our economy and society. The current mode of earthquake damage compensation in our country is mainly government financial support, supplemented by social assistance, although the government-led compensation model plays a certain role. However, this model not only increases the burden on the government, but also makes the scale of post-disaster reconstruction acceptable limit. Therefore, improving the mechanism of earthquake risk diversification is of great significance to both national economic development and people’s sustainable life guarantee. In the aspect of decentralized compensation of catastrophe risk, our country lags behind the developed countries obviously. Based on the mature experience of earthquake risk dispersion in foreign countries and the actual conditions of our country, this paper points out that our country should establish a diversified earthquake risk with government guidance and multi- mechanism.