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目的:分析比较甘肃产柴胡根和茎中挥发油化学成分的异同。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法分别提取甘肃产柴胡根和茎中的挥发油,通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对柴胡根和茎中的挥发油成分进行分析和鉴定,用色谱峰面积归一化法计算各组分的相对百分含量。结果:柴胡根和茎中挥发油得油率分别为0.04%,0.01%。两部位共鉴定出95个化合物,其中从根和茎中分别鉴定出52,72个。共有化合物29个,分别占各部位挥发油总量的61.29%,53.54%。根中含量较高的成分有正己醛(17.00%)、2-戊基呋喃(8.10%)、棕榈酸(6.71%)、5-异丙基-2-甲苯酚(6.65%)、百里香酚(5.23%)、正庚醛(4.64%)等;茎中含量较高的成分为棕榈酸(10.79%)、3-甲基-4-异丙基苯酚(8.31%)、香芹酚(6.19%)、正己醛(6.09%)、2-戊基呋喃(4.42%)等。结论:甘肃产柴胡根和茎中挥发油的成分组成和含量均存在较大的差异。实验结果为柴胡的进一步开发利用提供了依据。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare the similarities and differences of the chemical constituents of volatile oil in roots and stems of Bupleurum in Gansu Province. Methods: Volatile oil from roots and stems of Bupleurum in Gansu was extracted by steam distillation. The constituents of volatile oil in root and stem of Bupleurum were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Peak area normalization method to calculate the relative percentage of each component. Results: The oil yield of volatile oil in root and stem of Bupleurum was 0.04% and 0.01% respectively. A total of 95 compounds were identified in both loci, of which 52,72 were identified from roots and stems respectively. A total of 29 compounds, accounting for 61.29%, 53.54% of the total volatile oil in all parts. Among the components with higher root contents were n-hexanal (17.00%), 2-pentylfuran (8.10%), palmitic acid (6.71%), 5- isopropyl-2-cresol 5.23%) and n-heptanal (4.64%). The higher content of stem in the stem was palmitic acid (10.79%), 3- methyl- ), N-hexanal (6.09%), 2-pentylfuran (4.42%) and the like. Conclusion: There are big differences in the components and contents of volatile oil in root and stem of Bupleurum from Gansu. The experimental results provided the basis for the further development and utilization of Bupleurum.