汤剂又名汤液,是我国使用最早、最广泛的一种剂型.据皇甫谧《针灸甲乙经》记载:“伊尹以亚圣之才,撰用神农本草,以为汤液……”.《灵枢·邪客篇》中有治目不瞑的半夏汤,《汉书·艺文志》更有汤液经法的论述.由此可知,汤剂的发明及使用甚早,数千年沿用不衰,现在仍居各剂型之首.汤剂除制作使用简便外,还有其他方面的优越性,现分述如下:一、随症化裁 辨证施治汤剂可不受处方药味及用量的局限而随症化裁.如外感风寒之表症.可用麻黄汤,然由于患者的体质、地域、年龄和季节等方面的差异,故不可能原方套用,应随症加减化栽.若兼阴血不足可加滋阴养血药,如玉竹、地黄、当归之类;兼阳气不足可加助阳祛寒药,如附子、细辛、党参、黄芪之属;兼气滞可加理气 Decoction, also known as decoction, is one of the earliest and most widely used dosage forms in China. According to Huangfu’s “Acupuncture-A and B-Sutra,” it reads: “Yi Yin was the only person of Sanya, and he used Shennong Materia Medica to make it a soup solution...”. In Lingshu Xieke Chapter, there are untouchable Banxiatang, and Hanshu·Yiwenzhi has more discussion of the decoction method. It can be seen that the decoction was invented and used very early for thousands of years. It is still in the first place of various dosage forms. The decoction is not only easy to use, but also has other advantages. It is divided into the following categories: 1. The decoction can be excluded from the prescription medicine and dosage according to the disease. The limitations of the disease and the disease, such as the appearance of cold table disease. Available ephedra soup, but because of the patient’s physical, geographical, age and seasons, etc., it is impossible to apply the original side, should be added with the disease modified plant. If the lack of yin and blood can be added yin nourishing medicine, such as Yuzhu, rehmannia root, angelica and the like; and yang deficiency can be added to help Yangshuo cold medicine, such as aconite, Asarum, Codonopsis, Astragalus is a genus; and qi stagnation Can add gas