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目的了解佛山市CD4+T淋巴细胞计数≤350个/mm3的艾滋病病毒感染者及艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)的生存质量现况,探讨影响生存质量的相关因素,为HIV/AIDS提供针对性的干预措施。方法采用WHO QOL HIV-BREF量表对2013年10月至2014年3月在佛山市疾病预防控制机构或医疗机构进行随访的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数≤350个/mm3的HIV/AIDS进行调查,并收集该人群在“艾滋病综合防治信息管理系统”上的相关信息,包括基本的人口学信息及相关影响因素,并采用多元线性回归分析方法进行生存质量的影响因素分析。结果本研究共调查HIV/AIDS179例,男性占72.07%,平均年龄为(39.56±11.65)岁,以30~39岁年龄组居多,占33.52%;文化程度以初中为主,占51.40%;婚姻状况以已婚有配偶为主,占51.40%;职业以有职业为主,占80.45%;50.28%的病例是HIV感染者,49.72%是艾滋病患者;非本市户籍者占64.25%;感染途径以异性性传播为主,占63.69%。调查对象在心理领域(13.17±2.72)、独立性(14.12±2.75)及社会关系领域(12.94±2.53)的得分均低于常模(均P<0.01),在精神支柱/信仰/宗教领域(14.29±3.06)的得分高于常模(P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,与生存质量有关的影响因素有性别、学历、是否本地户籍、感染途径、是否接受抗机会性感染药物治疗、是否获得宣传材料、是否接受抗病毒治疗及是否获得安全套(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中输血/血制品感染的人群在生理领域、独立性和精神支柱/信仰/宗教3个方面的生存质量得分较低(偏回归系数分别为-4.67、-4.00、-7.24)。结论 CD4+T淋巴细胞计数≤350个/mm3的HIV/AIDS其生存质量低于普通人群,且对该人群的生存质量的影响因素较多,应针对相应的领域制定相关的措施以提高HIV/AIDS的生存质量。
Objective To understand the quality of life of HIV-infected persons and AIDS patients (HIV / AIDS) with a CD4 + T lymphocyte count ≤350 / mm3 in Foshan, and to explore the factors influencing the quality of life and to provide targeted HIV / AIDS Interventions. Methods HIV / AIDS patients with CD4 + T lymphocyte count ≤350 cells / mm3 who were followed up in Foshan CDC or medical institutions from October 2013 to March 2014 were surveyed by WHO QOL HIV-BREF scale. And collect the relevant information of the population in “AIDS Integrated Prevention Information Management System”, including basic demographic information and related influencing factors, and use multivariate linear regression analysis to analyze the influencing factors of quality of life. Results A total of 179 cases of HIV / AIDS were investigated in this study, accounting for 72.07% of the total, with an average age of (39.56 ± 11.65) years, accounting for 33.52% of the total population aged 30-39 years. The educational level was mainly middle school, accounting for 51.40% The majority of married women were spouses, accounting for 51.40%; occupations were mainly occupational occupations, accounting for 80.45%; 50.28% were HIV-infected, 49.72% were AIDS patients; 64.25% were non-municipal residents; Heterosexual transmission, accounting for 63.69%. The respondents in the psychological field (13.17 ± 2.72), independence (14.12 ± 2.75) and social relations (12.94 ± 2.53) scored lower than the norm (all P <0.01), in the mental support / faith / religion 14.29 ± 3.06) was higher than the norm (P <0.01). The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the factors related to the quality of life were gender, education level, whether the local household registration, the route of infection, drug treatment against opportunistic infections, whether to obtain promotional materials, whether to accept antiretroviral therapy and whether to obtain condoms P <0.05 or P <0.01), and those with blood transfusion / blood product infection had lower scores of quality of life in physiology, independence and spiritual support / belief / religion (partial regression coefficient was -4.67, -4.00 , -7.24). Conclusion The quality of life of HIV / AIDS with CD4 + T lymphocyte count less than 350 / mm3 is lower than that of the general population, and there are many influencing factors on the quality of life of the population. Corresponding measures should be worked out to improve the HIV / The quality of life of AIDS.