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目的:分析苯巴比妥、水合氯醛和异丙嗪对小鼠的中枢抑制作用及不良反应,为临床安全用药提供指导。方法:分别给小鼠腹腔注射不同剂量的苯巴比妥、水合氯醛和异丙嗪,记录翻正反射消失和恢复的时间,评价药物对小鼠中枢抑制作用的强弱。结果:小浓度苯巴比妥(0.05ml/10g)对小鼠可产生较适宜的镇静催眠作用,给药浓度增加,小鼠出现兴奋中毒迹象。水合氯醛(0.05ml/10g至0.25 ml/10g)对小鼠翻正反射影响相对最小,不良反应相对轻微。高浓度异丙嗪(2%,0.05 ml/10g至0.2 ml/10g)导致的小鼠死亡率较高,降低药物浓度至1%,小鼠仍然表现较为剧烈的不良反应。结论:三种药物均可对小鼠产生不同程度的中枢抑制作用,并呈一定的剂量相关性。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the central inhibitory effect and adverse reactions of phenobarbital, chloral hydrate and promethazine in mice and provide guidance for clinical safe medication. Methods: The mice were injected intraperitoneally with different doses of phenobarbital, chloral hydrate and promethazine, respectively. The duration of disappearance and recovery of the reflex reflexes was recorded and the inhibitory effect of the drugs on the central nervous system of mice was evaluated. Results: Small concentrations of phenobarbital (0.05ml / 10g) can produce more suitable sedative and hypnotic effects in mice, with increasing concentration and mice showing signs of excitement. Chloral hydrate (0.05 ml / 10 g to 0.25 ml / 10 g) has the least effect on normal reflex in mice with relatively mild adverse reactions. High concentrations of promethazine (2%, 0.05 ml / 10 g to 0.2 ml / 10 g) resulted in higher mortality in mice, and at lower drug concentrations to 1%, mice still showed more severe adverse reactions. Conclusion: The three drugs can produce different degrees of central inhibition of mice, and showed a dose-related.