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塔里木盆地塔东地区震旦—寒武系碳酸盐岩、烃源岩发育,各种资料预示该区是一个重要的油气勘探新领域。本区震旦—寒武系地层埋藏深,表层为高大且松散的沙丘,最大可达300 m,表层对中浅层地层地震波有强烈吸收效应,加之中浅层地层发育和宽窄不一的破碎带导致深层地震资料有效频带较窄。多次波发育,地震资料信噪比低,难以满足储层精细刻画描述要求。本文通过优化设计观测系统、优选激发参数等方面的研究与探讨,采用高密度和高覆盖的观测系统、大药量激发、检波器实耦合及修正沙丘曲线等技术手段,使地震资料品质较以往有较大改善,发现和落实了钻探有利区,为盆地油气勘探提供了有利的钻探目标。
In the Tadong area of Tarim Basin, the Sinian-Cambrian carbonate rocks and source rocks are developed. Various data indicate that this area is an important new area for oil and gas exploration. The Sinian-Cambrian strata in this area are buried deep and the surface layers are tall and loose sand dunes with a maximum of 300 m. The surface layer has a strong absorption effect on the seismic waves of medium and shallow strata. Combined with the development of middle and shallow strata and the fragmentation of different widths Belt-led deep seismic data have a narrow effective frequency band. The development of multiple waves and the low signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data make it difficult to meet the requirements of finely depiction of reservoirs. In this paper, through the optimization of the design of observation system, the optimization of excitation parameters and other aspects of research and exploration, the use of high-density and high coverage of the observation system, the large amount of excitation, detector real coupling and correction of dune curve and other technical means to make seismic data quality than in the past Significant improvements have been made in the discovery and implementation of favorable drilling zones, which have provided favorable drilling targets for oil and gas exploration in the basin.