目前胰岛素疗法有许多问题,其中包括注射剂型不方便,注射后有外源性多肽的抗原性问题。多肽类胰岛素像粘多糖肝素一样,口服后通常在胃肠道内降解,但很少从胃肠道吸收.某些氨基葡糖类抗菌素也需要胃肠道外用药,才能有效地作用于全身。因为这些药物没有可供选择的、注射途径以外的剂型,所以临床应用受到了限制。为了解决这些问题,曾致力于发展适于口服和直肠吸收的新剂型胰岛素。近年来,有人报告用表面活性剂作佐剂从直肠给药。例如1978年Touitou发展了一种亲水赋形剂,经实验大鼠直肠用药后,可使胰岛素对全身发生作用。赋形剂是由非离子表面活性剂Cetomacrogol Insulin therapy currently has many problems, including inconvenient injections, antigenicity of exogenous peptides after injection. Peptides Insulin, like mucopolysaccharide, usually degrades in the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration, but seldom absorbs from the gastrointestinal tract. Some glucosamine antibiotics also require parenteral administration to effectively act on the body. Because these drugs do not have alternative dosage forms other than injection routes, their clinical utility is limited. In order to solve these problems, we have devoted ourselves to the development of a new dosage form of insulin suitable for oral and rectal absorption. In recent years, it was reported that the use of surfactants as adjuvants from the rectum. For example, Touitou in 1978 developed a hydrophilic excipient, the experimental rat rectal medication, the insulin can make the whole body function. Excipients are composed of non-ionic surfactant Cetomacrogol