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川崎病是小儿常见的发热性疾病,以亚裔儿童多见,是儿童获得性心脏病的重要原因。自1967年kawasaki报道此病以来,川崎病的发病率有增高趋势,而发病年龄却呈现小龄化的趋向,急性期静脉内应用大剂量丙种球蛋白能明显减少后遗症,尤其是冠状动脉后遗症的发生。形成动脉瘤的患儿有7%-13%仍持续存在冠状动脉瘤或扩张;即使在动脉瘤消退后血管壁的收缩及舒张功能仍持续异常,并且可逐步出现冠状动脉狭窄、血栓等病变。正规随访、及早干预能减少心血管意外事件的发生。目前多以超声心动图、同位素心肌显像、心脏负荷检查等对患儿进行随访。该文对近10年来川崎病远期随访情况包括临床表现、辅助检查、血管病理生理等进行了复习,以进一步加深对此病的认识。
Kawasaki disease is a common fever in children with Asian children more common, is an important cause of acquired heart disease in children. Since Kawasaki’s report of the disease in 1967, the incidence of Kawasaki disease has been on the rise, but the age at onset has shown a tendency towards younger age. Acute intravenous administration of high-dose gamma globulin can significantly reduce the sequelae, especially the sequela of coronary arteries occur. Coronary aneurysms or dilations persisted in 7% -13% of children with aneurysm formation. Contractions and diastolic functions of the vessel wall continued to be abnormal even after aneurysm subsided, and lesions such as coronary stenosis and thrombus may gradually develop. Regular follow-up, early intervention can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular accidents. At present, many children with echocardiography, isotope myocardial imaging, cardiac load examination, etc. were followed up. This article reviewed the long-term follow-up of Kawasaki disease in recent 10 years, including clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations and vascular pathophysiology to further understand the disease.