目的:探讨青岛地区某医院12年甲状腺癌的发病趋势和病理类型分布。方法:回顾性分析2001-2012年于青岛大学附属医院行手术切除的甲状腺癌患者的发病年龄、性别比例、手术数量以及病理类型构成比的变化。结果:12年来手术治疗甲状腺癌2421例,其中乳头状癌(PTC)占94.13%,滤泡状癌(FTC)占3.02%,髓样癌(MTC)占2.15%,未分化癌(ATC)占0.70%。甲状腺癌手术数量呈逐年递增趋势,尤以近4年升高显著,其病理类型以PTC为主,构成比例由79.63%上升至97.47%。四类甲状腺癌均以女性多见(男女比例1:1.38-1:4.37)。甲状腺癌的平均确诊年龄为46.80岁,PTC最低(46.48岁),ATC最高(64.25岁)。结论:青岛地区甲状腺癌发病数量呈逐年递增趋势,PTC是最常见的病理类型,其构成比例上升明显,其他类型相对下降。PTC的发病可能与高碘有关。 Objective: To investigate the incidence and pathological type of thyroid cancer in a hospital in Qingdao in 12 years. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the age of onset, sex ratio, number of surgical operations, and pathological type of thyroid cancer patients who underwent surgical resection from 2001 to 2012 in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Results: There were 2421 cases of thyroid cancer undergoing surgery in 12 years, of which papillary carcinoma (PTC) accounted for 94.13%, follicular carcinoma (FTC) accounted for 3.02%, medullary carcinoma (MTC) accounted for 2.15%, undifferentiated carcinoma 0.70%. The number of thyroid cancer surgery showed an increasing trend year by year, especially in the past 4 years increased significantly, the pathological type of PTC-based, the proportion increased from 79.63% to 97.47%. Four types of thyroid cancer are more common in women (male to female ratio 1: 1.38-1: 4.37). The mean age at diagnosis for thyroid cancer was 46.80 years, PTC was the lowest (46.48 years), and ATC was the highest (64.25 years). Conclusion: The incidence of thyroid cancer in Qingdao is increasing year by year. PTC is the most common pathological type, the proportion of which is increased obviously while the others are relatively decreased. The incidence of PTC may be related to high iodine.