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U形管是常见的化学反应容器,将其巧妙地运用于化学反应,能起到药品用量小、操作方便、现象明显的效果,以下是两例具体应用。一、改进实验一在人教版选修4中,为说明催化剂对反应速率的影响,教材提供了以下实验:将二氧化锰加入到双氧水中,加速双氧水的分解,产生氧气,并使带火星的木条复燃。该实验所采用的装置有2个缺点:第一是反应器采用锥形瓶,导致药品用量较大;第二是玻璃导管太小,给插入带火星木条的操作带来不便,且易将火星碰落。如果改用U形管来做该实验,就会克服以上不足。改进后的实验装置如图1所示。
U-shaped tube is a common chemical reaction container, its clever use of chemical reactions, can play a small amount of drugs, easy to operate, the phenomenon of obvious results, the following are two specific applications. First, to improve the experiment a PEP 4, in order to explain the influence of the catalyst on the reaction rate, the textbook provides the following experiments: manganese dioxide added to the hydrogen peroxide to accelerate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen, and with Mars Wood rekindle. The device used in this experiment has two drawbacks. The first is the use of conical flasks in the reactor, which results in a larger amount of the drug. The second is that the glass tubing is too small to bring about the inconvenience of inserting strips of mats, Mars down. If the switch to U-tube to do the experiment, it will overcome the above deficiencies. The improved experimental setup is shown in Figure 1.