本文认为语义关系可以表现为语言单位的组合和聚合关系,聚合关系的确定来源于语义之间的对比。本文研究之语义聚合关系,重点关注词典释义中常用的相近关系、相反关系、上下义关系和整体部分义关系。我们认为,无论相近或相反关系,是从词的层面而言,而非概念层面。根据构成相反关系的词语意义对立程度的不同,相反关系可体现为互补性反义、极反性反义、定向性反义和可逆性反义。本文建议词典释义在利用相近、相反关系时应尽可能地提供语境。而上下义、整体部分义则表达概念层面的逻辑关系,对语境依赖性较小。 This paper argues that semantic relations can be expressed as the combination and aggregation of linguistic units, and the aggregation of relationships is determined by the contrast between semantics. This paper studies the relationship between the semantic polymerization, with emphasis on the commonly used similarities in dictionary interpretation, the opposite relationship, the relationship between the upper and lower senses and the relationship between the overall partial justice. We believe that similar or opposite relations are at the word level, not at the conceptual level. According to the different degrees of the opposite meaning of the meaning of the word meaning, the opposite relationship can be embodied as complementary antisense, antisocial antisense, antisense orientation and reversible antisense. This article suggests that dictionary interpretation should provide as much context as possible when using similar and opposite relations. And up and down, the whole part of the meaning of justice to express the conceptual level of relations, less dependent on the context.