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自然之子和文明之子的对立是中篇小说《哥萨克》的基调,这一基调不仅反映作家的世界观,即他于物质文明对人的消极影响所持的否定态度,而且也折射出其自然生命观。托尔斯泰认为,大自然是一种至善,人是自然的一部分,所以他身上也同样具有至善的因素;人接受大自然的濡染熏陶,可以远离物质文明所带来的恶,自身保有更多的自然善。小说中人那些焕发着生命自然性的自然之子,无一不深刻地体现出内在的自然善与外在完美大自然的有机统一。
The contradiction between the Son of Nature and the Son of Civilization is the keynote of the novella Cossack, which not only reflects the author’s world view, that is, his negative attitude towards the negative impact of material civilization on people, but also reflects his view of natural life. Tolstoy believes that nature is a kindness and that man is a part of nature, so he also has the same perfection factor. By accepting the influence of nature, people can stay away from the evil brought by material civilization, Keep more natural good. In the novels, the son of nature, which glows with the natural nature of life, profoundly reflects the organic unity of inner nature and outer perfect nature.