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目的采用中国膳食平衡指数(DBI-07)评价武汉市流动儿童膳食质量状况及其影响因素。方法于2016年4月,采用整群抽样法对武汉市洪山区两所小学752名流动儿童开展为期3天的膳食调查,同时对儿童及其看护人进行营养知识-态度-行为问卷调查,应用DBI-07评分方法对儿童膳食质量进行评价并分析制约其膳食质量的影响因素。结果流动儿童膳食平衡指数正端分(HBS)、负端分(LBS)、膳食质量距(DQD)平均得分分别为6.41、28.29和34.70;适宜、低度、中度、高度摄入过量分别为408人(54.2%)、331人(44.0%)、13人(1.8%)和0人(0%),摄入不足的比例分别为0人(0%)、178人(23.7%)、530人(70.5%)和44人(5.8%),膳食失衡的比例分别为0人(0%)、108人(14.4%)、619人(82.3%)和25人(3.3%)。影响儿童膳食平衡指数的因素有性别、年龄、母亲文化程度、儿童水果摄入频次、儿童接受营养知识意愿。结论武汉市流动儿童膳食质量整体处于中度失衡状态,并以中度摄入不足为主。
Objective To evaluate the dietary quality of migrant children in Wuhan and its influential factors by using China Dietary Balance Index (DBI-07). Methods In April 2016, a total of 752 floating children in two primary schools in Hongshan District of Wuhan City were enrolled in a three-day dietary survey by cluster sampling method. At the same time, children and their caregivers were surveyed on nutritional knowledge-attitude-behavior questionnaire. The DBI-07 scoring method evaluates children’s dietary quality and analyzes the factors that constrain their dietary quality. Results The mean scores of HBS, LBS and DQD of migrating children were 6.41, 28.29 and 34.70, respectively. The suitable, low, moderate and high levels of overdose were 408 (54.2%), 331 (44.0%), 13 (1.8%) and 0 (0%). The proportion of undernourished people was 0 (0%), 178 (0%), 108 (14.4%), 619 (82.3%) and 25 (3.3%) people, respectively. The prevalence of dietary imbalances was 70.5% and 44% respectively. Factors that affect children’s dietary balance index are gender, age, mother’s education level, frequency of children’s fruit intake, children’s willingness to accept nutritional knowledge. Conclusion The overall quality of the floating children in Wuhan is at a moderate imbalance, with a moderate intake.