论文部分内容阅读
甲苯是无色澄清液体,有苯样气味,有强折光性,能与乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、氯仿、二硫化碳和冰乙酸混溶,极微溶于水,相对密度0.866,凝固点-95℃,沸点110.6℃,折光率1.4967,闪点(闭杯)4.4℃,蒸气能与空气形成爆炸性混合物,爆炸极限1.2%-7.0%(体积)。甲苯大量用作溶剂和高辛烷值汽油添加剂,也是有机化工的重要原料,但与同时从煤和石油得到的苯和二甲苯相比,目前的产量相对过剩,因此相当数量的甲苯用于脱烷基制苯或岐化制二
Toluene is a colorless, clear liquid with a benzene-like odor and strong refraction. It is miscible with ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, carbon disulfide and glacial acetic acid. It is slightly soluble in water and has a relative density of 0.866, a freezing point of -95 ° C, a boiling point 110.6 ° C, refractive index 1.4967, flash point (closed cup) 4.4 ° C. Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air. Explosion limits 1.2% -7.0% by volume. Toluene is widely used as a solvent and high-octane gasoline additive and is also an important feedstock for organic chemicals, but at the current relative surplus compared to both benzene and xylene from coal and petroleum, a significant amount of toluene is used to remove Alkyl benzene or two of the system