椎间盘退变是衰老过程的自然进展。其具有多种机制，包括遗传、机械及暴露等，最终均会导致细胞外基质的合成代谢和分解代谢环境失去平衡，倾向于向分解代谢发展。细胞疗法的开发已在许多疾病领域迅速增加，可有效治疗椎间盘退变，是再生医学的重中之重。文章回顾了细胞移植在椎间盘退变治疗中的最新进展，介绍了细胞疗法的机制，并对移植细胞来源、椎间盘内微环境对移植细胞的影响及细胞载体的应用进行了综述。“,”Intervertebral disc degeneration is a natural progression of the aging process. It has a variety of mechanisms, including genetics, machinery, and exposure, which will eventually lead to the loss of balance between the anabolic and catabolic environment of the extracellular matrix in favor of catabolism. The development of cell-based therapies has rapidly increased in many disease. It can effectively treat intervertebral disc degeneration and is the top priority of regenerative medicine. In this paper, the latest progress of cell transplantation in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration was reviewed, the mechanism of cell-based therapies was introduced, and the source of transplanted cells, the influence of the microenvironment in the intervertebral disc on transplanted cells and the application of cell carriers were reviewed.