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新生儿出生时随着胎儿-胎盘循环的中断,肺成为呼吸器官。由于新生儿呼吸器官的结构和功能均不成熟,而且呼吸系统需经历适应性变化,导致新生儿呼吸系统疾病的发病率和死亡率均明显高于其他年龄的小儿。因此,了解新生儿的呼吸生理特点,对加深新生儿呼吸系统疾病的认识和做好新生儿的呼吸管理、提高新生儿的存活率和存活质量具有重要意义。
As newborns are born, with the interruption of the fetal-placental circulation, the lungs become respiratory organs. Because the structure and function of neonatal respiratory organs are immature and the respiratory system undergoes adaptive changes, the morbidity and mortality of neonatal respiratory diseases are significantly higher than those of other ages. Therefore, to understand the neonatal respiratory physiology, to deepen the understanding of neonatal respiratory disease and neonatal respiratory management, improve neonatal survival and quality of life is of great significance.