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目的了解郑州市儿童计划免疫现状,及时接种率及其影响因素,评价和进一步改进计划免疫工作策略。方法采用普查和抽查相结合的方式获取儿童的免疫接种及相关资料。结果对1597名儿童进行调查,BCG、OPV全程、DPT全程、MV、HepB全程接种率分别为100%、100%、100%、99.4%、99.8%;及时接种率分别为80.0%、94.8%、92.8%、92.7%、95.4%。常住儿童及时接种率明显高于流动儿童,基础疫苗接种率明显高于季节性疫苗接种率。经Logistic多因素分析居住地的更换、儿童生病、家长的文化水平、家长对免疫接种的态度对“五苗”的及时接种率有影响。结论郑州市常住儿童计划免疫接种情况较好,但是流动儿童的计划免疫接种工作有待进一步加强。各相关部门应该采取积极应对措施。
Objective To understand the status quo of immunization of children in Zhengzhou City, timely vaccination rate and its influencing factors, evaluate and further improve the immunization strategy. Methods The methods of census and random sampling were used to acquire children’s immunization and related information. Results A total of 1597 children were surveyed. The whole course of inoculation of BCG, OPV, DPT, HepB, MV, HepB were 100%, 100%, 100%, 99.4% and 99.8% respectively. The timely vaccination rates were 80.0% and 94.8% 92.8%, 92.7%, 95.4%. The timely vaccination rate of resident children was significantly higher than that of migrating children, and the basic vaccination rate was significantly higher than the seasonal vaccination rate. Logistic analysis of the change of place of residence, children’s illness, parents ’cultural level and parents’ attitudes on immunization had an impact on the timely vaccination rate of “five seedlings ”. Conclusion The planned immunization of resident children in Zhengzhou is better, but the planned immunization of migrant children needs to be further strengthened. All relevant departments should take active measures.