论文部分内容阅读
工具书是专供人们查考字义、词义、字句出处和各种事实而编纂的书籍。利用工具书是提高学习和科研效率的重要途径。我们所进行的每一项科学研究的准备阶段即搜集整理资料的阶段,都离不开工具书。 伟大的革命导师列宁,在使用工具书方面可称得上是我们的典范。他不仅利用过许多社会科学和自然科学的书目、手册、双语词典、百科全书等,而且还为一些工具书撰写过有关条目。 1907年,《格拉纳特》百科词典编辑部请列宁撰写“十九世纪末俄国的土地问题”概要,列宁为了再一次详尽地阐述布尔什维克关于俄国土地问题的观点,于是欣然接受约稿。他首先给自己确定了任务——“概略地叙述一下俄国农业中的全部社会经济关系。”他在文中这样写道:“土地问题和土地危机的实质不在于要铲除提高耕作技术的障碍,而在于如何铲除这种障碍,由哪个阶级用哪些方法来铲除。”(《列宁全集》中文版第15卷第110页)接着,他又写道:“……坚决抛开过去的东西,就能够一下子消灭这种土地占有制。这种办法就是全体农民在1905—1907年间比较坚持的土地国有化。”令人遗憾的是,由于书报检查的关系,列宁撰写的这一词条当时在词典中未能刊载。
Book is designed for people to check the word meaning, word meaning, sentence and a variety of facts compiled compilation of books. Using tools is an important way to improve the efficiency of learning and research. Every stage of the preparation of each scientific research we carry out the collection of information, are inseparable from the tool. Lenin, a great revolutionary mentor, can be regarded as our example in the use of reference books. He not only used many social sciences and natural sciences bibliographies, manuals, bilingual dictionaries, encyclopedias, etc., but also for some of the instruments written articles. In 1907, the editorial department of Encyclopedia of the Encyclopedia of Granada asked Lenin to write an outline of the issue of land in Russia at the end of the 19th century. Lenin, in order to elaborate again on the Bolshevik viewpoint on the issue of land in Russia, he accepted the draft. He first set himself the task of “giving a rough account of all the socio-economic relations in Russian agriculture.” Here he writes: “The essence of the land issue and the crisis of the land is not to eliminate the obstacles to raising farming techniques, ”(“ The Complete Works of Lenin, ”Chinese Version, p. 15, p.110) Then he wrote:“ ... resolutely putting aside the things of the past can make it possible to eradicate such obstacles and which methods are used by which classes to eradicate them. ” This measure of land-ownership was abolished at once, in the same way as the nationalization of the land that all peasants persisted between 1905 and 1907. “Regrettably, Lenin wrote the term” The dictionary failed to publish.