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目的通过对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿进行计算机辅助执行功能训练,初步探讨计算机辅助训练对患儿症状及执行功能缺陷的改善情况。方法对56例ADHD患儿分别进行计算机训练及药物治疗,评估其执行功能指标及行为症状变化。结果计算机辅助训练后的执行功能指标有显著差异,训练后患儿的Stroop测验的乙表正确数、正确率有显著提高(P<0.001);WCST持续错误数减少,概念化水平和持续应答数得分提高(P<0.01);WISC-Ⅳ的背数、译码及符号检索得分均有提高(P<0.05);CANTAB-SWM的总间隔错误、间隔错误、SWM策略分及SOC移动次数得分减少(P<0.05));PSQ评估的ADHD相关行为问题(学习问题、多动指数因子)显著下降(P<0.05)。结论计算机训练可以改善ADHD患儿的执行功能缺陷,对核心症状也有部分改善,有望成为新的临床干预手段。
Objective To investigate the improvement of symptoms and executive function defects of children with ADHD by computer-assisted executive function training in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods 56 children with ADHD were subjected to computer training and drug therapy respectively to evaluate their executive function and behavioral symptoms. Results After computer-assisted training, there were significant differences in the executive function indexes between the two groups. After training, the correct number and the correct rate of B in the Stroop test were significantly improved (P <0.001); the number of WCST continuous errors, the level of conceptualization and the number of sustained responses (P <0.05). The total interval error, interval error, SWM strategy score and the number of SOC movement times of CANTAB-SWM decreased (P <0.01) P <0.05)). The ADHD-related behavioral problems assessed by PSQ (learning problems, hyperactivity index) decreased significantly (P <0.05). Conclusion Computer training can improve the executive function deficits in children with ADHD and improve the core symptoms, which is expected to become a new clinical intervention.