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在滴灌条件下研究13-96、13-139、黑农61、新大豆27号、11-109 5个大豆品种(系)干物质积累与分配、叶面积指数(LAI)、光合势(LAD)和产量分布。结果表明:各大豆品种LAI和LAD均随生育进程的推进呈“先升后降”的变化趋势,于结荚期至鼓粒期达到最大。黑农61、新大豆27号和11-109籽粒产量达到5 325.6~5 648.5kg/hm~2高产水平,主要是由于主茎10~17节的荚数、粒数和腔数增加所致,最大叶面积指数达5.8~6.4,全生育期总光合势为3 013 150~3 260 163m~2·d/hm~2,茎秆、叶片、叶柄、荚皮和籽粒5个器官所占比例分别为19.2%~25.8%、12.6%~24.4%、10.8%~13.2%、14.5%~23.0%和21.7%~34.4%,收获指数和粒茎比分别为0.216~0.344、0.8~1.8。试验证实大豆高产潜力大的生理基础是花后主茎中上部叶面积较大、总光合势较高、籽粒干重活跃期较长和干物质积累速率下降缓慢。
The effects of drip irrigation on dry matter accumulation and distribution, leaf area index (LAI), photosynthetic potential (LAD), chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of 13 soybean cultivars (lines 13-96, 13-139, And yield distribution. The results showed that the LAI and LAD of all the soybean cultivars showed a trend of “first increasing and then decreasing” with the advancing of the growth process and reached the maximum during the podding stage and the drum stage. The grain yield of Heinong 61, new soybean 27 and 11-109 reached 5 325.6 ~ 5 648.5kg / hm ~ 2 high yield, which was mainly attributed to the increase of pods, The maximum leaf area index reached 5.8 ~ 6.4, the total photosynthetic potential during the whole growth period was 3 013 150 ~ 3 260 163m ~ 2 · d / hm ~ 2, and the proportions of stalks, leaves, petioles, Were 19.2% -25.8%, 12.6% -24.4%, 10.8% -13.2%, 14.5% -23.0% and 21.7% -34.4% respectively. The harvest index and grain-stem ratio were 0.216-0.434 and 0.8-1.8 respectively. The physiological basis for the high yield potential of soybean was confirmed to be that the upper leaf area of the main stem after anthesis was relatively large, the total photosynthetic potential was high, the active period of dry weight of grain was longer and the dry matter accumulation rate decreased slowly.