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减冲击装置可以有效降低基础对有效载荷的冲击,在航天领域内的有效载荷及箭体分离过程中应用广泛。建立了减冲击装置数学模型,设计优化了结构尺寸,并制作了减冲击环样机;在响应板式爆炸冲击台上开展了冲击试验,并对冲击数据进行了冲击响应谱分析。结果表明,所设计的减冲击装置满足指标要求,而且大幅衰减了冲击幅值;此外,讨论了阻尼层对结构动力学特性及减冲击特性的影响;减冲击环结构适用于航空航天冲击环境,也适用于各类导弹仪器舱的整体冲击隔离,具有广阔的应用前景。
The impact-reducing device can effectively reduce the impact of the foundation on the payload and is widely used in the field of space payloads and the separation of the rocket body. The mathematical model of the impact-reducing device was established, the structure size was optimized and the prototype of the impact-reducing ring was designed. The impact test was carried out on the response plate-type impact stage, and the shock response spectrum was analyzed. The results show that the designed impact-reducing device meets the index requirements and greatly attenuates the impact amplitude. In addition, the effect of damping layer on the structural dynamic characteristics and impact-reducing properties is discussed. The impact-reducing ring structure is suitable for the aerospace impact environment, It is also suitable for the overall impact isolation of various types of missile instrument cabins and has broad application prospects.