目的采用国际标准回顾性研究骨科住院患者输血不良反应的发生率、类型、严重程度等特征。方法基于电子病历系统调查我院骨科病房2012年1月-2013年6月收住的所有输血患者在调查期间进行的每一次输血事件,统一按照国际输血协会2011年《非感染性输血不良反应监测标准》分别对每一次不良反应事件进行输血相关性分级和严重性分级评估。结果共297例患者进行了793次输血,56次输血事件经专家评估为输血不良反应事件,总的输血不良反应发生率为7.1/%或58.7/1 000 U;非溶血性发热性输血反应19次,局部过敏反应9次,输血相关呼吸困难8次,输血相关低血压4次,全身过敏反应1次,输血相关循环超负荷1次,输血相关急性肺损伤1次,不可分类的输血并发症13次;56次输血不良反应事件中,与输血肯定相关17次,很可能相关5次,可能相关34次;54次(96.4%)输血不良反应事件严重性1级,1次严重性2级,1次严重性4级。结论输血不良反应在骨科病房是常见的,存在严重的输血不良反应发生情况。 Objective To retrospectively study the incidence, type and severity of adverse transfusion reactions in hospitalized patients with orthopedics in accordance with international standards. Methods Based on the electronic medical records system, all blood transfusion patients admitted to orthopedics ward in our hospital from January 2012 to June 2013 were surveyed in accordance with the International Association of Blood Transfusion 2011 non-infectious adverse reaction monitoring Standard "for transfusion-related grading and severity grading assessment for each adverse event event. Results A total of 297 patients had 793 transfusions and 56 transfusions were evaluated by experts as adverse transfusion reactions. The overall incidence of adverse transfusion reactions was 7.1 /% or 58.7 / 1 000 U; non-hemolytic transfusion reactions 19 9 times of local allergic reaction, 8 times of transfusion-related dyspnea, 4 times of transfusion-related hypotension, 1 of systemic allergic reaction, 1 overload of transfusion-related circulation, 1 transfusion-related acute lung injury, and unclassifiable transfusion complications 13 times. Of 56 adverse transfusion reactions, 17 were definitely related to blood transfusion, 5 times more likely, 34 times more likely; 54 (96.4%) transfusion adverse events were severity 1 and 1 were severity 2 , A severity of 4. Conclusion Adverse reactions of blood transfusion are common in orthopedic ward, and serious adverse reactions of blood transfusion exist.