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本文对目前世界海水养殖鱼类的主要养殖种类、产量、地区分布和食性组成等作了一个较为全面的介绍和分析。结合我国的实际情况,分析了我国海水鱼类养殖远远落后于淡水鱼类养殖的原因。并指出我国海水鱼类营养研究与饲料工业滞后是制约我国海水鱼类养殖发展的重要原因之一,比较使用人工配合饲料和鲜杂鱼饲料的优劣,分析了我国目前主要使用冰鲜下杂鱼饲料的危害及对我国海水鱼类养殖可持续发展的负面影响。分别介绍了我国主要海水养殖鱼类:牙鲆、大鲮鲆、真鲷、七星鲈、尖吻鲈、红鼓鱼(美国红鱼)、石斑鱼、大黄鱼在世界的养殖概况和它们的营养需要研究进展情况。然后阐述了海水人工配合饲料配方设计的基本原理和设计生产绿色环保饲料的关键技术。
This paper gives a more comprehensive introduction and analysis of the main culture species, yield, regional distribution and diet composition of the world’s mariculture fish. Combined with the actual situation in our country, this paper analyzes the reason why marine fish farming in China lags far behind freshwater fish farming. And pointed out that China’s marine fish nutrition research and feed industry lag is restricting the development of marine aquaculture in China one of the important reasons, the use of artificial feed and fresh fish feed merits, analysis of China’s current use of chilled Harm of fish feed and its negative impact on the sustainable development of marine fish farming in China. The main aquaculture fish species in China are introduced respectively: the flounder, the flounder, the red sea bream, the seabream, the perch, the red drumfish (American redfish), the grouper and the big yellow croaker Nutrition needs research progress. Then, the basic principles of formula design of artificial feed for seawater and the key technologies of designing and producing green feed are elaborated.