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【目的】探讨中国国际救援队在巴基斯坦执行洪水灾害救援任务中耳鼻咽喉头颈外科救援经验及临床特点,为今后国际洪水灾害救援提供合理对策及科学依据。【方法】2010年8月28日至2010年9月13日在巴基斯坦流动医院就诊的耳鼻咽喉头颈外科患者625人,记录患者姓名、性别、年龄、病情特点、诊断、治疗及随访资料等,并作流行病学调查,分析疾病种类、可能病因、临床特点、治疗效果,总结救援经验及不足之处。【结果】625例患者中,男性280人,女性345人,年龄6月至70岁,平均年龄18.64岁,以儿童及妇女多见。耳科疾病400人(64.0%),鼻科疾病85人(13.6%),咽喉疾病82人(13.1%),头颈外科疾病58人(9.3%)。其中中耳炎、慢性鼻炎、急性咽喉炎、头颈部感染性疾病常见。采用综合治疗措施,取得良好效果,有效率达78%。【结论】巴基斯坦洪水灾后耳鼻咽喉头颈外科常见病的发病率高,主要是感染性疾病增多。由于灾区缺医少药,卫生状况较差,中国国际救援队的医疗援助起到重要作用。
【Objective】 To explore the rescue experience and clinical features of otolaryngology head and neck surgery performed by China International Rescue Team in Pakistan in flood disaster rescue and provide reasonable countermeasures and scientific basis for the future international flood disaster rescue. 【Methods】 625 patients with otolaryngology and head and neck surgery at mobile hospital in Pakistan from August 28, 2010 to September 13, 2010 were recorded. The patient’s name, sex, age, disease characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up data were recorded. For epidemiological investigation, analysis of disease types, possible causes, clinical features, treatment effects, summed up the rescue experience and deficiencies. 【Results】 Among the 625 patients, there were 280 males and 345 females, with a mean age of 18.64 years (range, 6 months to 70 years), more common in children and women. There were 400 ear diseases (64.0%), 85 nasal diseases (13.6%), 82 throat diseases (13.1%) and 58 head and neck surgical diseases (9.3%). One otitis media, chronic rhinitis, acute pharyngitis, head and neck infections are common. The use of comprehensive treatment measures, achieved good results, the effective rate of 78%. 【Conclusion】 The incidence of common diseases of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery after flood in Pakistan is high, mainly due to the increase of infectious diseases. Due to the lack of medical treatment in the disaster-stricken areas and poor sanitation status, medical assistance from the China International Rescue Team has played an important role.