在世界银行贷款中国疾病预防（卫生Ⅶ）项目１０个省（自治区，下同），采用世界卫生组织（ＷＨＯ）推荐的分层多阶段按容量比例概率抽样的方法（ＰＰＳ），共抽取了８５４个县（区、市，下同）１１９７个初级抽样单位，调查城区和高、中、低收入农村１９９４年７月１日～１９９５年６月３０日出生的儿童８４１４人，在１２月龄内完成卡介苗（ＢＣＧ）、口服脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）疫苗（ＯＰＶ）、百白破混合制剂（ＤＰＴ）、麻疹疫苗（ＭＶ）、乙型肝炎疫苗（ＨＢＶ）的接种情况。结果显示，建证率８１．０％，建卡率９６．８％，ＢＣＧ、ＯＰＶ、ＤＰＴ、ＭＶ接种率分别为９４．９％、８９．３％、８７．４％、８８．９％，四种疫苗全程接种率７９．６％，ＨＢＶ接种率３９．９％，调查时在场儿童卡疤率８４．１％。按照我国现行的儿童免疫程序，本次抽样调查的ＢＣＧ、ＯＰＶ１、ＤＰＴ１、ＭＶ及时接种率分别为３８．８％、４５．７％、５５．３％、５０．４％，接种ＯＰＶ１、ＤＰＴ１后有７２．４％～７５．６％的儿童能及时接种第２、３针。城区和高、中、低收入农村４个层次儿童的四种疫苗接种率和全程接种率、及时接种率、ＨＢＶ接种率、卡疤率、建证率、建卡率等指标均逐层下降 In the 10 provinces (autonomous regions and the same below) under the World Bank-China Disease Prevention and Prevention Program (Ⅶ), adopting the stratified and multi-stage proportional-probability sampling method (PPS) recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), a total of 854 1197 primary sampling units of counties (districts, cities and the same below) were surveyed in urban areas and 8,414 children born in high, medium and low-income rural areas from July 1, 1994 to June 30, 1995 were completed within 12 months BCG, OPV, DPT, measles vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine (HBV). The results showed that the rate of establishing card was 81.0% and the carding rate was 96.8%. The inoculation rates of BCG, OPV, DPT and MV were 94.9%, 89.3%, 87.4% and 88.9% respectively, Vaccination rate of the four vaccines was 79.6%, and the rate of HBV inoculation was 39.9%. At the time of investigation, the rate of children’s scarring was 84.1%. According to the current procedure of childhood immunization in our country, the timely inoculation rates of BCG, OPV1, DPT1 and MV in this sampling were 38.8%, 45.7%, 55.3% and 50.4% respectively. After inoculation of OPV1 and DPT1 72.4% ~ 75.6% of children can be timely vaccination of the first and second needle. Four kinds of vaccination rate, full vaccination rate, prompt inoculation rate, HBV inoculation rate, rate of scarring, rate of establishing card, rate of establishing cards and so on were all decreased in four levels in urban area, high, middle and low income rural areas