目的:探讨妊娠期妇女下生殖道人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的特点及诊治方法。方法:选取HPV感染的妊娠期妇女203例,进行宫颈细胞学检查、阴道镜检查和活检,定期进行产前检查。产后半年和1年产妇进行宫颈细胞学检查、阴道镜检查、宫颈分泌物HPV检测。结果:①妊娠期HPV感染率为31.88%,同期非妊娠妇女感染率为17.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②妊娠期HPV阳性妇女中HPV亚临床感染率为21.98%,妊娠合并宫颈尖锐湿疣或扁平湿疣者HPV亚临床感染率为5.14%,宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)妊娠妇女HPV亚临床感染率为4.75%。与同期非妊娠妇女相比,CIN发病率无显著差异。HPV阳性的203例妊娠期妇女中,14例选择人工终止妊娠,2例稽留流产,1例因胎儿脑积水行引产术,其余186例均顺利分娩。③HPV阳性的203例孕期妇女中,186例顺利分娩,产后9～12个月复查HPV,转阴率为90%,无病变进展者。结论:妊娠期妇女下生殖道HPV感染率高于同期非妊娠妇女,CIN的发病率与同期非妊娠妇女相比无明显升高。宫颈HPV感染及绝大多数妊娠期宫颈CIN不需要治疗。产后病毒转阴率高。外阴及阴道湿疣手术切除是可行的。 Objective: To investigate the characteristics and diagnosis and treatment of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in pregnant women. Methods: Totally 203 pregnant women with HPV infection were selected for cervical cytology, colposcopy and biopsy, and regular antenatal examination. Postpartum six months and a year of maternal cervical cytology, colposcopy, HPV detection of cervical secretions. Results: ① The prevalence of HPV infection in pregnancy was 31.88%, while that of non-pregnant women in the same period was 17.1%. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). (2) The prevalence of HPV sub-clinical infection in pregnant women with HPV positive was 21.98%. The HPV sub-clinical infection rate was 5.14% in pregnant women with condyloma acuminatum or condyloma acuminatum. The subclinical HPV infection rate in pregnant women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 4.75%. There was no significant difference in the incidence of CIN compared with non-pregnant women in the same period. Among 203 pregnant women with HPV positive, 14 cases chose artificial termination of pregnancy, 2 cases missed missed abortion, and 1 case received induction of labor because of fetal hydrocephalus. The other 186 cases delivered successfully. ③ HPV-positive 203 pregnant women, 186 cases of childbirth, 9 to 12 months postpartum review of HPV, the negative rate of 90%, no progression of the disease. Conclusion: The HPV infection rate of lower genital tract in pregnant women is higher than non-pregnant women in the same period. The incidence of CIN is not significantly higher than non-pregnant women in the same period. Cervical HPV infection and the vast majority of cervical CIN during pregnancy do not need treatment. Postpartum virus to negative rate. Vulva and vaginal condyloma surgery is feasible.