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2009年4月,中国政府发布了《关于深化医药卫生体制改革的意见》,提出到2020年实现全民享有基本医疗卫生服务的目标。改革的重点任务之一是建立基本药物制度。在全球范围内,基本药物这一概念自1975年首次被世界卫生大会提出以来,一直具有非常重要的意义。这一概念最初强调药物的可及性和基本药物目录。但随时间推移,这一概念的内涵逐渐演变。现在各国引入基本药物概念,主要是为了确保药物可及性与可支付性、合理用药以及药物的质量和安全性。瑞典、挪威以及经合组织国家的经验表明,基本药物的概念可灵活适用于多种情形。在中国,基本药物制度的改革已取得良好成果,在非常短的时间内使公众更多获益,继续贯彻基本药物制度将有利于在中国实现最佳健康产出。
In April 2009, the Chinese government released the Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Medical and Health System and set forth the goal of universal basic medical and health services to be achieved by 2020. One of the key tasks of the reform is to establish the basic medicine system. Globally, the notion of essential medicines has been of great importance since the World Health Assembly first proposed it in 1975. The concept initially emphasized the availability of medicines and the list of essential medicines. But over time, the connotation of this concept has evolved. Countries are now introducing the concept of essential medicines mainly to ensure their availability and affordability, their rational use of medicines and the quality and safety of medicines. The experience of Sweden, Norway and OECD countries shows that the concept of essential medicines can be flexibly applied in many situations. In China, the reform of the basic medicine system has achieved good results, benefiting the public in a very short period of time. Continuing to implement the basic medicine system will help achieve the best possible health output in China.