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微生物燃料电池(Microbial fuel cell,MFC)利用微生物整体作为催化剂催化底物将化学能直接转化为电能,是一种极具应用前景的生物电化学技术。微生物在阳极氧化还原有机物产生电子并传递给阳极,电子通过外电路传递至阴极后将电子释放给阴极中的氧化剂,从而产生电流。当有毒物质进入MFC,微生物活性降低,电子传递量变少,电流降低,而电流的产生与微生物活性呈线性关系,据此可检测样品的毒性。本文主要介绍了微生物燃料电池在毒性物质抗生素、重金属离子、有机污染物、酸等方面的研究,并分析了微生物燃料电池存在的问题及未来研究方向,以期不久的将来微生物燃料电池能付之使用。
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a kind of promising bioelectrochemical technology that uses the whole microorganism as catalyst catalytic substrate to convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy. Microorganisms produce an electron in the anodic redox organics and transfer it to the anode, and the electrons are transferred to the cathode through an external circuit to release the electrons to the oxidant in the cathode to generate electricity. When toxic substances enter the MFC, the microbial activity decreases, the amount of electron transfer decreases, the current decreases, and the current produces a linear relationship with microbial activity, whereby the toxicity of the sample can be detected. In this paper, the microbial fuel cells in toxic substances antibiotics, heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, acids and other aspects of the study and analysis of microbial fuel cells and future problems in the future research directions in the near future in the future use of microbial fuel cells .