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低温装置的冷损主要是二个方面:一是环境冷损,即散失于周围环境的冷量;二是复热不足冷损,即为了传热,冷、热流体之间必须要有一定的温差。因此,冷流体出口温度不可能复热到与热流体入口温度相同的温度,也就是说,冷流体的冷量不可能完全回收。此外装置内低温流体的泄漏,主要发生在不同材料法兰连接处和不同材料的焊接处,即使泄漏量不大,由于是低温流体,冷损还是较大的。
Cold loss of low-temperature devices are mainly two aspects: First, the environment is cold, that is, lost in the ambient cooling capacity; Second, heat recovery less than cold damage, that is, in order to heat transfer, cold, hot fluid must have a certain Temperature difference. Therefore, it is impossible for the cold fluid outlet temperature to reheat to the same temperature as the hot fluid inlet temperature, that is, it is impossible to completely recover the cold fluid cold capacity. In addition, the leakage of the cryogenic fluid in the device mainly occurs at the welding place of flanges of different materials and different materials, and even if the amount of leakage is not large, the cold loss is still large due to the low-temperature fluid.