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大规模人口从中西部向东部发达地区流动必将对区域经济产生重要影响。人口流动是否促进区域经济增长，区域经济增长是发散还是收敛对促进区域经济协调发展具有重要的现实意义。本文从人均产出出发，以Burroand Sala-i-Martin国际人口迁移模型为理论基础，用数理分析方法推演出携带人力资本的人口流动新古典内生经济增长收敛机制。在稳态邻域内，发达地区经济增长收敛速度加快，同时欠发达地区经济增长收敛速度减慢，最终导致区域经济相对发散。随后，本文借鉴DH模型建立动态面板数据模型，该模型既能预测内生经济增长发散性，又可以预测新古典经济增长收敛性。通过利用2005-2014年中国29个省份面板数据，采用系统(}MM方法对区域经济增长收敛性进行实证检验。实证结果显示:①人口流动促进了区域经济增长;②以2008年为时间节点，西部大开发政策的实施加速了西部地区经济增长;③中国区域经济具有新古典经济增长收敛机制和内生经济增长收敛机制。这意味着理论模型和实证检验相矛盾，从而产生“人口流动一经济增长收敛谜题”。“收敛谜题”产生的原因可能有政策效应、追赶效应、人力资本效应、收入转移效应和干中学效应。“收敛谜题”告诉我们，要使区域经济协调发展，从根本上解决区域差距扩大的矛盾，发挥新古典经济收敛机制和内生经济收敛机制的作用，就必须提高国民整体人力资本水平、解决好就业市场体制问题和流动人口福利待遇问题。
Large-scale population flows from the central and western regions to the developed eastern regions will surely have a major impact on the regional economy. Whether population mobility promotes regional economic growth, whether regional economic growth is divergent or convergent has the important practical significance to promote the coordinated development of regional economy. Based on the Burroand Sala-i-Martin international population migration model, the paper deduces the convergence mechanism of neoclassical endogenous economic growth with human capital through mathematical analysis. In steady-state neighborhoods, the convergence rate of economic growth in developed regions is accelerating, while the convergence speed of economic growth in less-developed regions is slowing down, which eventually leads to the relative divergence of regional economy. Subsequently, this paper builds a dynamic panel data model based on DH model. This model not only predicts the divergence of endogenous economic growth, but also predicts the convergence of neoclassical economic growth. By using panel data of 29 provinces in China from 2005 to 2014, this paper empirically tests the convergence of regional economic growth using the MM method.The empirical results show that: (1) population flow promotes regional economic growth; (2) 2008 is a time node, The implementation of the western development policy has accelerated the economic growth in the western region; ③ China’s regional economy has the neoclassical mechanism of economic growth convergence and the convergence mechanism of endogenous economic growth, which means that the theoretical model contradicts the empirical test, resulting in “an economy with a floating population Growth Convergence Puzzles. ”The causes of“ convergence puzzles ”may have policy effects, catching-up effects, human capital effects, income transfer effects, and learning-by-doing effects.“ Convergence Puzzle ”tells us that for a coordinated regional economic development, To fundamentally solve the contradictions in expanding regional disparities and bring into play the role of neoclassical economic convergence mechanism and endogenous economic convergence mechanism, it is necessary to raise the overall national human capital level and solve the problem of the employment market system and the well-being of floating population.