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目的分析儿童肺炎支原体(MP)咽拭子快速液体培养的结果及与患儿年龄以及季节的关系,为临床诊断、治疗肺炎支原体感染提供依据。方法选取深圳市宝安区人民医院1 217例急性呼吸道感染的患儿,采用咽拭子快速液体培养基进行筛查,观察其阳性率。结果在1 217例患儿中,共检出阳性281例,阳性率为23.09%。<1岁、1～3岁、3～6岁和6～14岁各年龄组的阳性率分别为15.13%、26.52%、28.31%和18.07%;不同季节MP感染率分别为春23.75%,夏20.11%,秋18.61%,冬29.72%。1～3岁,3～6岁小儿感染率明显高于6～14和<1岁儿童(P<0.01);冬春季阳性率较夏秋季高。结论 MP快速液体培养鉴定对MP诊断具有重要的临床诊断价值。肺炎支原体感染全年均可发病,好发于冬季,以3～6岁小儿多见。
Objective To analyze the results of rapid liquid culture of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) throat swab and its relationship with the age and season of children, and to provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Methods A total of 1 217 children with acute respiratory infection in Bao’an District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen City were enrolled in this study. The throat swabs were used to screen the liquid and the positive rate was observed. Results Of the 1 217 cases, 281 cases were positive, the positive rate was 23.09%. The positive rates of <1 year old, 1 ~ 3 years old, 3 ~ 6 years old and 6 ~ 14 years old groups were 15.13%, 26.52%, 28.31% and 18.07% respectively. The MP infection rates in different seasons were respectively 23.75% 20.11%, autumn 18.61%, winter 29.72%. The prevalence of infection in children 1-3 years old and 3-6 years old was significantly higher than that in children aged 6-14 and <1 year (P <0.01). The positive rate in winter and spring was higher than that in summer and autumn. Conclusion MP liquid culture identification has important clinical diagnostic value for MP diagnosis. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection can occur throughout the year, occur in winter to 3 to 6 years old children more common.