目的:通过建立符合中医辨证用药特点的阴虚内热出血大鼠模型,并在此基础上初步探讨生地炭凉血止血作用的机制。方法:采用干姜水煎剂灌胃,并以5%乙醇代替自由饮水相结合的方法建立阴虚内热出血大鼠模型,观察大鼠肛温的变化,测定全血和血浆黏度,血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)含量,肉眼观察大鼠舌、肺、胃、肝、肾组织学变化情况。结果:模型组大鼠舌色稍红,胃黏膜无明显损伤,双侧肺脏色泽灰暗,暗红色瘀斑瘀点较多见,肺叶表面有较多出血部位,多呈点状、条索状和圆斑状;肝脏、肾脏均可见瘀血点。与空白组比较,模型组灌胃干姜水煎剂及5%乙醇代替自由饮水7 d后,肛温有所升高(P<0.05),造模给药14 d后,肛温明显升高(P<0.01);与空白组比较,模型组全血高切、中切、低切黏度明显增加(P<0.05),血浆黏度明显增加(P<0.05);与空白组比较,模型组大鼠PT、TT、APTT延长(P<0.05),FIB含量相对增加(P<0.05),以上指标共同表明造模成功。与模型组比较,生地黄组在给药13 d后明显降低了肛温(P<0.01),表明生地黄发挥了其清热凉血的作用。阳性对照组和生地炭组降低肛温的效果不与模型组比较,生地炭组明显降低了全血高切、中切、低切黏度(P<0.05),显著降低了血浆黏度(P<0.01);与模型组比较生地炭组能明显缩短PT、TT、APTT(P<0.05),降低FIB含量(P<0.05);生地炭组舌象和胃黏膜正常,肝脏、肺脏、肾脏形态结构均基本正常,肝脏、肾脏无明显瘀血,肺脏有轻微瘀血。结论:生地炭通过影响内、外源性凝血途径、降低FIB含量,降低全血高切、中切、低切黏度及血浆黏度,共同发挥了凉血止血的作用。 OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of intrahepatic febrile nephropathy that conforms to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine for syndrome differentiation and use, and on this basis, to explore the mechanism of the hemostatic effect of native charcoal cooling. Methods: Ginger Decoction orally, and 5% ethanol instead of free water to establish a combination of methods to establish the model of Yin deficiency endogenous heat to observe the changes in rectal temperature in rats, determination of whole blood and plasma viscosity, plasma thrombin (PT), thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB) were measured. The histopathological changes in tongue, lung, stomach, liver and kidney were observed by naked eyes. Results: In the model group, the tongue color of the rats in the model group was slightly red, there was no obvious damage to the gastric mucosa, the color of the bilateral lungs was dark, the dark red petechia petechia was more common, the bleeding surface of the lungs was more, Circular spots; liver, kidney bleeding points are visible. Compared with the blank group, the rectal temperature increased slightly (P <0.05) in the model group after gavage with Ginger Decoction and 5% alcohol instead of free water for 7 d, and the rectal temperature increased significantly (P <0.01). Compared with the blank group, the viscosity of whole blood in the model group increased significantly (P <0.05) and the plasma viscosity increased significantly (P <0.05). Compared with the blank group, the model group Rats PT, TT, APTT prolonged (P <0.05), FIB content relative increase (P <0.05), the above indicators together to show the success of modeling. Compared with the model group, the rehmanniae group significantly reduced rectal temperature after 13 d administration (P <0.01), indicating that Dihuang played its role of clearing away heat and cooling blood. Compared with the model group, the control group and the raw carbon group reduced the rectal temperature significantly (P <0.05), and significantly reduced the plasma viscosity (P <0.01) (P <0.05), and the FIB content decreased significantly (P <0.05). The tongue and gastric mucosa of normal carbon group were normal, the morphological structure of liver, lung and kidney were Basically normal, liver, kidney no obvious bleeding, the lungs have slight blood stasis. CONCLUSION: Habitat charcoal exerts the effect of cooling blood and stopping bleeding by influencing the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways, reducing FIB content, reducing whole blood high-cut, middle-cut, low-cut viscosity and plasma viscosity.