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口腔白斑是具有恶变倾向的粘膜病变，其恶变潜能取决于发生部位和上皮异常增生的程度，但仅靠常规组织学检查来判断上皮异常增生程度有一定困难。近来的研究表明，口腔上皮的异常增生和分化紊乱往往伴有细胞角蛋白的表达改变。我们采用抗角蛋白单克隆抗体３４ＢＥ１２、ＭＮＦ１１６分别对正常口腔粘膜、单纯白斑和白斑伴上皮异常增生进行免疫组化检测，发现不同类型的口腔粘膜所含的角蛋白组分有一定差异。单纯白斑中角蛋白表达类型与正常粘膜上皮相似，但染色程度增强。白斑伴异常增生时，大分子角蛋白表达减弱，分布不规则，小分子角蛋白表达增强，分布范围增大，随异常增生的程度加重向上皮表层扩展。提示通过对角蛋白组分的检测，可了解病理状态下口腔上皮细胞的增殖情况和分化程度，对区别粘膜上皮单纯增生和癌前病变有辅助性诊断作用。
Oral leukoplakia is a malignant mucosal lesion, its malignant potential depends on the occurrence of site and epithelial dysplasia degree, but only by conventional histological examination to determine the degree of epithelial dysplasia have some difficulties. Recent studies have shown that oral dysplasia and differentiation disorders often accompanied by changes in cytokeratin expression. We use anti-keratin monoclonal antibodies 34BE12, MNF116 were normal oral mucosa, leukoplakia and epithelial dysplasia were detected by immunohistochemistry and found that different types of oral mucosa contains a certain difference in keratin components. The expression of keratin in simple leukoplakia is similar to normal mucosal epithelium but the staining degree is enhanced. With abnormal hyperplasia of leukoplakia, macromolecule keratin expression is weakened, irregular distribution, small molecular keratin expression increased, the distribution range increased, with the degree of dysplasia increased to the epidermal expansion. Tip through the detection of keratin components can understand the pathological state of oral epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation of the differential diagnosis of mucosal epithelial hyperplasia and precancerous lesions have auxiliary diagnosis.