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The effect of melt pretreatment of Ce~(3+): YAP and (Ce~(3+)+Nd~(3+)): YAP and their growth ambient gases on the quality of the crystals are described. Firstly, a superheating pretreatment of YAP melt is adopted in a nitrogen atmosphere containing a little oxygen to eliminate carbon; then the YAP melt is superheated in a reduction atmosphere to fully reduce Ce~(4+) ions into Ce~(3+) ions in the melt. Finally, in a growth atmosphere of pure nitrogen, high quality Ce~(3+): YAP and (Ce~(3+)+Nd~(3+)): YAP single crystals with high Ce~(3+) concentration with only few light scattering centers were grown.
The effect of melt pretreatment of Ce ~ (3+): YAP and (Ce ~ (3 +) + Nd ~ (3+)): YAP and their growth ambient gases on the quality of the crystals are described. pretreatment of YAP melt is adopted in a nitrogen atmosphere containing a little oxygen to eliminate carbon; then the YAP melt is superheated in a reduction atmosphere to fully reduce Ce ~ (4+) ions into Ce ~ (3+) ions in the melt. Finally, in a growth atmosphere of pure nitrogen, high quality Ce ~ (3+): YAP and (Ce ~ (3 +) + Nd ~ (3+)): YAP single crystals with high Ce ~ (3+) concentration with only few light scattering centers were grown.