用透射电镜(TEM)研究了合金球铁中有墨球的显微结构, 其中包括表面形貌,晶体学关系,内部缺陷等,并讨论了球墨的生长方式。结果表明,石墨球通常有一生长核心,核心部分多半是片状单晶。依此核心,石墨球沿C轴向外放射生长。确定了三种V字形组织。此外,石墨球中存在大量的层错,层错垂直于C轴。石墨球表面被基面覆盖。 The microstructure of the ink balls in the alloy ductile iron was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), including surface morphology, crystallographic relationship, internal defects and so on. The growth of nodules was also discussed. The results show that graphite balls usually have a growth core, the core part of which is mostly single crystal. At this core, graphite balls radiate outward along the C axis. Three V-shaped structures were identified. In addition, there are a large number of faults in the graphite balls, which are perpendicular to the C axis. Graphite ball surface covered by the base surface.