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作为程序法治的一项国际准则,对刑事侦查程序进行必要的司法审查是各国通行的做法,其目的是规范侦查权在有序的法治轨道上运行,达到制约国家权力和保障公民基本权利的价值平衡。2012年《刑事诉讼法》修订所确立的非法证据排除规则在一定意义上具有对侦查程序的司法审查功能,但仅凭这种结果上的后置制裁性审查难以起到真正意义上的控权作用。在当前司法体制改革背景下,破解问题的出路在于以现有的非法证据排除规则为切入点进行延展,形成与之相衔接的侦查程序司法审查制度合力。应以建设中国特色社会主义法治体系和权力分工负责的分权制衡理论为指导,从司法审查的对象、司法审查的方式以及司法审查的主体三个方面建构我国刑事侦查程序的司法审查制度。
As an international guideline of procedural rule of law, the necessary judicial review of the criminal investigation procedure is a common practice in all countries. Its purpose is to standardize the power of investigative power to operate in an orderly track of the rule of law and to achieve the value of restricting state power and guaranteeing the basic rights of citizens balance. The exclusionary rule of illegal evidence established in the revision of the “Criminal Procedure Law” in 2012 has the function of judicial review of the investigation procedure to a certain extent, but it is hard to play a true control over the post-sanctions review alone effect. Under the current judicial system reform, the way to solve the problem is to extend the starting point with the existing rule of exclusion of illegal evidence and to form an integrated judicial review system of investigation procedures. Under the guidance of the theory of decentralization and balance of power in the construction of a socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics and the division of power under the power of division of labor, the judicial review system of criminal investigation procedures in our country should be constructed from the object of judicial review, the mode of judicial review and the subject of judicial review.