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江苏辐射沙脊群是世界上最大的潮间带辐射状沙脊群,拥有丰富的生物资源和独特的自然景观资源。在江苏沿海大开发的背景下,围垦沿海滩涂迅速进入全面实施阶段,并规划在2020年前完成18×104hm2围填海工程,工程的实施将会使沙脊群生物量减少,生物多样性和自然景观的美学价值降低。本文通过问卷调查的方式量化了2011年沙脊群生物多样性保护和景观保护的支付意愿,利用非使用价值损失评估方法,计算围垦对自然景观的损失为64.07亿元,生物多样性价值损失为8.36~9.31亿元,得出围填海对景观价值的损失明显高于生物多样性价值的损失。同时将沙脊群非使用价值损失纳入沿海围垦的成本效益分析,得到益本比应小于1.50,低于《江苏沿海滩涂围垦开发规划研究报告》的结论(2.15),表明现行的围垦效益分析夸大了经济效益,忽略了生态资源耗损和退化所造成的损失,本文研究反映的围垦开发活动成本效益更趋合理。此研究结果可为江苏省实施海洋生态补偿标准提供依据,对江苏沿海开发和管理有一定的参考意义。
Jiangsu Radiation Sand Group is the world’s largest intertidal radial sand ridge group, with rich biological resources and unique natural landscape resources. Under the background of coastal development in Jiangsu Province, coastal reclamation of coastal beaches has rapidly entered the stage of full implementation, and 18 × 104hm2 reclamation projects are planned to be completed by 2020. The implementation of the project will reduce the sediment biomass, biodiversity and The aesthetic value of the natural landscape is reduced. This paper quantifies the willingness to pay for biodiversity conservation and landscape protection in Sand Group in 2011 by means of questionnaire survey. Using the non-use value loss assessment method, the loss of reclaimed natural landscape is calculated as 6.407 billion yuan, and the loss of biodiversity value is 8.36 ~ 931 million yuan, draw the reclamation of the landscape value of the loss was significantly higher than the loss of biodiversity value. At the same time, the non-use value loss of sand ridges was included in the cost-benefit analysis of coastal reclamation. The benefit-to-benefit ratio should be less than 1.50, which is lower than the conclusion (2.15) of “Jiangsu Coastal Tidal Flat Reclamation and Development Planning Study Report”, indicating that current reclamation benefit analysis is exaggerated The economic benefits are ignored, the losses caused by the depletion and degradation of ecological resources are ignored, and the cost-benefit of reclamation and development activities reflected in this study is more reasonable. The results of this study can provide the basis for the implementation of marine ecological compensation standards in Jiangsu Province, and have certain reference meaning for the development and management of coastal areas in Jiangsu Province.