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小学生的科学家形象是其科学本质观的重要表现,科学家画像是探讨小学生科学家形象认识的有效方法与途径。本研究通过科学家画像DAST(Draw A Scientist Test,DAST)测试,并辅以相关文本调查和访谈,探查了小学生眼中的科学家形象。研究发现:小学生对科学家年龄的认知较为宽泛;性别认识以男性为主,存在年级差异和性别差异;缺乏对科学家工作本质属性的认识;科学家画像中所使用指标体现了“研究类”、刻板化特征;大众传媒是小学生了解科学家形象的最主要途径;小学生具有成为科学家的意愿,并表现出年级和性别差异。以此为基础,对小学生科学家画像所反映的科学本质和科学教育等问题进行了探讨。
The pupil’s image as a scientist is an important manifestation of his scientific concept of nature. Scientists ’portrait is an effective way to explore the image of pupils’ scientists. This study explores the image of scientists in the eyes of primary school students through the DAST (Draw A Scientist Test, DAST) test, supplemented by relevant textual surveys and interviews. The study found that primary schoolchildren have a wide range of cognition on the age of the scientists, gender predominance is mainly male, there are grade differences and gender differences, the lack of understanding of the nature of the work of scientists, the indicators used in scientists’ , And stereotyped features. The mass media is the primary way for pupils to understand the image of scientists. Pupils have the will to become scientists and show grade and gender differences. Based on this, the issues such as the nature of science and science education as reflected in portraits of pupils are discussed.