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目的通过了解大连市艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体阳性者的性行为现状,分析导致大连市艾滋病(AIDS)疫情持续增长的潜在因素,从而探讨出更为有效的控制艾滋病经性传播的措施。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,自行设计大连市HIV感染者/AIDS病人生存状态调查问卷,遵循知情同意原则,对151名HIV阳性者进行访谈式调查。应用Epi Data 3.1建立数据库,SPSS 13.0统计软件进行分析。结果 151名HIV抗体阳性者中,66.23%的HIV阳性者感染HIV后有性行为发生,且其在不同性别(χ2=8.06;P=0.005)、不同文化程度(χ2=6.07;P=0.014)上比较差异有统计学意义。知晓感染HIV以后,56.82%(25/44)的夫妻间性行为频数减少,非婚性行为中的双性性行为构成由感染前的45.70%(69/151)下降至感染后的3.00%(3/100)。60.00%(15/25)的婚内性行为可做到百分百使用安全套,而非婚性行为仅30.00%做到百分百使用安全套,是否使用安全套在婚姻状况上比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.021;P=0.001)。非婚性行为中91.11%(82/90)为男男同性性行为。结论 HIV阳性者在知晓感染后,多数能够自我约束自己的性行为,性行为发生频数减少或由双性趋于单性性行为,但性行为过程中百分百使用安全套的比率较低。艾滋病防制相关管理者,在对HIV阳性者提供生活、治疗帮助和关怀的同时,也应对他们的性行为提供正确的指导和帮助,在感染者中加强安全套使用的推广工作。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the current status of sexual behaviors among people who are HIV positive in Dalian and to analyze the potential factors leading to the continuous AIDS epidemic in Dalian, so as to find out more effective measures to control the sexual transmission of AIDS. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to design a living questionnaire of HIV / AIDS patients in Dalian and follow the principle of informed consent to interview 151 HIV-positive patients. Application Epi Data 3.1 to establish a database, SPSS 13.0 statistical software for analysis. Results Among the 151 HIV-positive patients, 66.23% of HIV-positive patients had sexual behaviors after HIV infection, and their gender differences (χ2 = 8.06; P = 0.005), different educational level (χ2 = 6.07; The difference was statistically significant. 56.82% (25/44) of couples reported decreased frequency of sexual behavior and the proportion of bisexual behaviors in non-marital males dropped from 45.70% (69/151) before infection to 3.00% after infection 3/100). 60.00% (15/25) of marital sex can do 100% condom use, but only 30.00% of non-marital sex use of condom use 100%, whether or not to use condoms in the marital status was statistically significant difference (χ2 = 12.021; P = 0.001). 91.11% (82/90) of non-marital behaviors were MSM. Conclusion Most HIV-positive individuals can self-regulate their sexual behaviors after infection is known. The frequency of sexual behaviors decreases or the sexual behaviors tend to be unisexual, but the percentage of condom use during sexual activity is relatively low. AIDS-related managers, while providing HIV-positive life, treatment help and care, but also should provide proper guidance and help to their sexual behavior, and promote the promotion of condom use among PLHIV.