运用弹塑性有限元分析了扩底桩的荷载传递特性，指出扩底桩的拉底荷载传递率与刚度比、长径比、扩底直径、扩底形状以及荷载大小的关系，并通过对其极底土的应力分布特性的分析，认为拉底土的竖向应力收敛快，影响范围小，且桩底土有效压缩层薄，从而为在有良好浅埋持力层的软土地区应用扩底极提供了一定的理论依据。 The elastic-plastic finite element method was used to analyze the load transfer characteristics of the bottom-expanded pile, and the relationship between the ratio of bottom-to-bottom load transfer ratio to stiffness ratio, length-diameter ratio, diameter of enlarged base, shape of enlarged base, and load size was pointed out. The analysis of the stress distribution characteristics of the pole bottom soil shows that the vertical stress of Ladi soil converges quickly, the impact scope is small, and the bottom layer of the soil effectively compresses the thin layer, so that it can be applied to the soft bottom soil with a good shallow buried bearing layer. A certain theoretical basis.