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Progesterone receptors (PGR) expression is considered to be an indirect supportive evidence for hormonal pathways activity in BC.In many studies PR expression is an independent prognostic factor of Tamoxifen efficiency, disease free and overall survival.Probably controversial attitude to PR is linked with misunderstanding of its role as a molecular marker of proliferative and apoptotic activity in breast cancer.Materials and methods: We studied mRNA expression of 11 genes with different functions:proliferative (KI67, STK15, CCNB I, PTEN), apoptotic (BIRC5, BCL2, TERT, BAX) activity, genes of cell receptors (estrogen receptor-ESR, progesterone receptor-PGR and receptor of human epidermal growth factor-c-erbB2) in 57 early stages invasive BC samples and 57 morphologically normal breast tissue (MNT) samples of the same patients by qRT-PCR.Results: According to our data mRNA expression ofESR, PGR and c-erb-B2 in BC samples may be increased or decreased as compared to MNT level of the same sample.Proliferative and apoptotic activity in tumors with decreased ESR, PGR or c-erb-B2 expression differs from tumors with increased level of these genes.Most interesting results were obtained when proliferative and apoptotic activity was compared in tumors with increased and decreased PGR expression level.In PGR-increased cases expression level of genes with proliferative (KI67 P=0, 00002;STK15 P=0, 0090;CCNB1 P=0, 0012) and antiapoptotic (BIRC5 P=0, 0002, TERT P=0,080) activity was decreased.Conclusion: Comparative analysis of progesterone receptor expression in tumor and surrounding morphologically normal tissue gives new information about tumor malignancy.