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流脑多糖体菌苗问世已十年之久,但迄今国内尚未制订出理想的免疫方案,各生物制品研究所只提出15岁以下儿童为主要接种对象。我省自1980年以来在重点地区进行流脑多糖体菌苗流行病学与血传流行病学效果观察,一次接种30微克后保护率可达四年之久,在预测要流行地区进行菌苗接种可降低发病率控制流行。根据1985年以来我省2800万儿童大面积现场观察流脑多糖体菌苗效果仍维持四年以上,因此,验证在菌群没有变迁的情况下,A群流脑多糖体菌苗控制流行是比较理想的,所制定的免疫方案是可行的。方案一:一次普种流脑菌苗后不再复种,间隔四年以后根据以下预测指标(1、年发病率:以省为单位超过5/十万,以县为单位超过10/十万,2、健康人群A群带菌率超过5％。3、健康人群抗体水平(ELISA法)下降至1∶5以下),综合分析,进行一次性或两年内普种,接种率应达90％以上。方案二、一次普种流脑菌苗后,每年仅对2.5岁内儿童进行免疫,即出生后满6个月初免一次,第二年加强一次,以提高婴幼儿免疫应答能力,然后根据方案一的预测指标再进行复种。
The cerebrospiral polysaccharide vaccine has been around for ten years, but so far no ideal immunization program has been formulated in China. All biological products institutes only propose children under 15 years of age as the main vaccination targets. Epidemiology and epidemiology of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine in our province have been observed in major areas since 1980. After 30 micrograms of inoculum was inoculated, the protection rate could reach four years. In the area where the epidemic is predicted, the bacterin Inoculation can reduce morbidity control prevalence. According to a large area of 28 million children in our province since 1985 observed the effect of the cerebrospinal fluid polysaccharide vaccine effect is still maintained for more than four years, therefore, to verify the absence of changes in the flora, A group of cerebrospinal fluid polysaccharides control prevalence is more Ideally, the immunization schedule is feasible. Program A: After a general meningitis meningitis no longer seeded, after an interval of four years based on the following indicators of prediction (1, the annual incidence rate: more than 5 / 100,000 in the province, the county as more than 10 / 100,000, (2) In group A, the infection rate of bacteria is over 5% .3 The level of antibodies in healthy population (ELISA method down to below 1: 5). Comprehensive analysis shows that the vaccination rate should reach over 90% once or within two years. Program II, a universal meningococcal vaccine, only 2.5 years of age of children immunized, that is, after 6 months of birth to avoid the first one to strengthen the second year to enhance the ability of infant and child immune response, and then under a program The forecast index and then multiple cropping.