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城镇化是中国最大的内需潜力和发展动能所在,是中国经济摆脱困境的重要途径。城镇化不仅带来了生活的便利和医疗条件的改善,也带来了交通拥挤、环境恶化等问题,居民的健康问题得到越来越多的关注。继续推进新型城镇化,需要深刻理解城镇化与居民健康的关系,文章利用2002~2013年中国31个省份的面板数据,从居民平均就诊次数和死亡率两个维度衡量居民健康水平,实证考察了城镇化对居民健康水平的影响以及不同区域之间存在的差异。结果显示:城镇化通过影响人们的收入水平、教育水平、生活环境和医疗设施水平等因素,总体上增加了居民的就诊次数但有效降低了居民的死亡率。最后提出了建设绿色城镇化、完善医疗公共服务均等化、完善医疗保险制度和推行全民健身计划等建议。
Urbanization is China’s largest potential for domestic demand and the momentum for development. It is an important way for China’s economy to get out of its predicament. Urbanization not only brought about the convenience of living and the improvement of medical conditions, but also brought about such problems as traffic congestion and environmental degradation. Residents’ health problems have drawn more and more attention. To continue to promote new urbanization, we need to deeply understand the relationship between urbanization and residents ’health. By using the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2002 to 2013, we measure the residents’ health level from the average number of visits and mortality of residents, The impact of urbanization on residents’ health level and the differences between different regions. The results show that urbanization generally increases the number of visits and effectively reduces the death rate of residents by influencing people’s income level, education level, living environment and medical facility level. Finally, some suggestions such as building green urbanization, perfecting the equalization of medical public services, improving the medical insurance system and implementing the national fitness plan are put forward.