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目的了解同德县在校学生乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)感染状况。方法从同德县61所中、小学中,随机整群抽取12所,为所有在校学生采集静脉血,采用固相放射免疫测定法检测HBV血清学标志。使用Logisic回归程序对影响HBV血清学标志分布的相关因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果此次共调查12所学校的3945名在校学生,占同德县所有在校学生总数的39.5%。学生血清乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBV Surface Antigen,HBsAg)阳性率、抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体阳性率、HBV感染率分别为13.8%、40.0%、41.0%;年龄别HBsAg阳性率以5～6岁最低(7.9%),与其他年龄组学生的差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.01,P>0.05);男生HBsAg阳性率高于女生,且不同学校间差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.99,P<0.01);而不同民族间差异无统计学意义。结论同德县在校中、小学生HBV感染状况较为严重,应采取有效措施遏制HBV的传播和流行。
Objective To understand the prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) among school students in Tongde County. Methods Twelve of 61 primary and secondary schools in Tongde County were randomly selected. Venous blood was collected for all students in school. Serological markers of HBV were detected by solid phase radioimmunoassay. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed using Logisic regression program on the factors influencing the distribution of HBV serological markers. Results A total of 3,945 students were enrolled in 12 schools, accounting for 39.5% of the total number of students in Tongde County. The positive rate of HBsAg, the positive rate of anti-HBcAg and HBV infection were 13.8%, 40.0% and 41.0% respectively. The positive rate of age-specific HBsAg was the lowest in 5-6 years (Χ2 = 4.01, P> 0.05). The positive rate of HBsAg in boys was higher than that in girls, and the difference was statistically significant among different schools (χ2 = 13.99, P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference among different ethnic groups. Conclusion Tongde County in primary and secondary schools in primary and secondary HBV infection is more serious and should take effective measures to curb the spread and prevalence of HBV.